Git

Ignoring Files and Directories in Git (.gitignore)

gitignore.io - Create useful .gitignore files for your project: Site, Documentation

Git Essentials

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Useful Git Guides

Setting the default branch name

git config --global init.defaultBranch main

You only have to do this once. Now all new repositories you create with git init will have a default branch named main.

Renaming the default branch for an existing repository(source)

Rename the local master branch to main, i.e. use the --move command in Git to copy the entire master branch to a new branch called main
```
git branch -m master main
```

Check that the renaming worked

git status

If the renaming was successful you should see:

On branch main
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.

nothing to commit, working tree clean

Rename the default branch for the remote repos

GitHub:

GitHub now allows you to rename any branch, including the default branch, from the web.

Rename the default branch from the web:

Update your local clone:

# Get the latest commits and branches from the remote
git fetch origin

# Create a new tracking connection with the new origin/main branch
git branch -u origin/main main
git remote set-head origin -a

GitLab:

Locally: push main to your remote repository:
```
git push -u origin main
```
You will then see an option to start a merge request which we are not going to do because we want main to become the default branch, not master.
Change it on GitLab on your project:
1. Go to Admin Area --> Settings --> Repository.
2. Expand Default initial branch name.
3. Change the default to main.
4. Save changes.
The next time someone clones your repository, they will automatically be on the main branch. When they make changes, the link to create a merge request will automatically be pointed at the main branch.
Remove the master branch:

You can remove the master branch completely. Removing the master branch is recommended to avoid any confusion around what branch is the default one. If you choose to remove the master branch make sure you update any dependencies.

To remove the master branch:
1. In your project go to Repository --> Branches.
2. Under Active branches find master.
3. Click the trash can to the right to delete the branch.

Add multiple `pushurl`s for a given remote(`orignin`)

git remote set-url --add --push origin git://original/repo.git
git remote set-url --add --push origin git://another/repo.git

GitHub URL Shortener

Using git.io - a service provided by GitHub to shorten the URLs

Note

This URL shortener can only be used for GitHub URLs and not for other URLs.

Warning

You can create only one shortened URL for each URL. You cannot create another shortened URL if that GitHub URL has already been shortened. If you try to shorten the same URL again, it will return the existing shortened URL.

Option 1: Using curl command

curl -i https://git.io -F "url=GITHUB_URL" - outputs url with arbitrary text after last slash

curl -i https://git.io -F "url=GITHUB_URL" -F "code=CUSTOM_TEXT" - outputs url with custom text after last slash

curl -i SHORTENED-URL - to retrieve the complete URL from the shortened URL

If you get SSL Error, then pass the --insecure flag along with the command to skip certificate verification.

The (un)shortened URL will appear in the Location field of the response header.

Option 2: Using following Python scripts

To create shortened URL:

import requests

url = 'https://git.io/'
data = {'url': 'https://github.com/jimit105/Intro-to-Deep-Learning-with-PyTorch',
         'code': 'pytorch'}

r = requests.post(url, data=data)
print(r.headers.get('Location'))

""" Output:
https://git.io/pytorch """

If you get SSLError while running the above script, add the parameter verify=False in the requests.post method to skip certificate validation.

To retrieve full URL:

import requests

r = requests.head('https://git.io/pytorch')

print(r.headers.get('Location'))

""" Output:
https://github.com/jimit105/Intro-to-Deep-Learning-with-PyTorch """

Deleting commited by mistake private data from git repo

Удаляем случайно закомиченные приватные данные из git репозитория

Git Started Guide by ZTM

Conventional Commits(link)

Commit Messages Cheat Sheet(rus) -> link

Last update: 2023-01-26

Git